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Effect of smoking cessation on
periodontal health
Lynne Heaseman
Powerpoint
Presentation
Abstract
Background
Periodontal diseases are inflammatory conditions of the
periodontium and are prevalent in the U.K. Smoking increases
the severity of chronic periodontitis by a factor of between
x3 and x20 and smokers respond less favourably to treatment.
Objective:
To evaluate the effect of smoking cessation on outcomes
following the non-surgical treatment of periodontal disease.
Methods:
49 patients with chronic periodontitis and who were smokers
were recruited to a clinical trial of 12 months duration.
At baseline all patients expressed a desire to quit smoking.
Clinical measurements were recorded at baseline, 3, 6
and 12 months. Radiographs were exposed of target sites
at baseline and 12 months to assess bone density change.
Patients received periodontal therapy during the first
3 months.
Results:
After 12 months, 10 patients had continuously quit, 10
patients continued smoking and 6 patients were classed
as 'oscillators'. Analysis was only undertaken on patients
with complete data sets.
Intergroup statistical comparisons showed that there were
no differences between the groups following treatment
with respect to clinical measurements. However, comparing
change in probing depths of quitters with the other two
groups between baseline and 12 months demonstrated a significant
clinical benefit (p < 0.05) in favour of those who
quit smoking.
Conclusions:
Quitting smoking has a beneficial effect in improving
periodontal health following treatment. The evidence is
not equivocal, however, and larger, multi-centre clinical
trials are recommended.
Lynne Heasman
Room D309
Restorative Dentistry
School of Dental sciences
University of Newcastle upon Tyne
Framlington Place
Newcastle upon Tyne
NE2 4BW
0191 2325144
lynne.heasman@ncl.ac.uk
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